Single Crystal Substrates: LNB
Single Crystal Substrates: LNB
Description
Lithium niobate (LiNbO3 or LNB) is a single crystal substrate that has a wide range of applications in optics and electronics. It is a birefringent crystal with a high electro-optic coefficient, which makes it useful in the design of electro-optic modulators, optical switches, and frequency doublers. LNB is also used in surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices, as it has a high acoustic velocity and a low acoustic loss.
LNB has a trigonal crystal structure with lattice parameters of a = 5.148 Å and c = 13.863 Å. It has a high optical damage threshold and a high refractive index of about 2.2 at 1550 nm wavelength. LNB is transparent in the visible to mid-infrared range and can be grown as bulk crystals or thin films using various techniques such as Czochralski method, Bridgman method, and pulsed laser deposition.
| Material | LNB |
| Transparency range, µm | 0.4 - 5 |
| Point group | 3m |
| Space group | R3c |
| Lattice parameters (hexagonal), Å | a = 5.148, c = 13.863 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 4.64 |
| Mohs hardness | 5 |
| Refractive indexes : | no = 2.28647, ne = 2.20240 (at 0.633 µm) |
| no = 2.2273, ne = 2.1515 (at 1.1523 µm) | |
| Non-linear coefficient at 1.06 µm, pm/V | d22 = 5.6, d31 = -11.6, d33 = 8.6 |
| Electroptical coefficient at 0.63 µm, pm/V | r31 = 8.6, r22 = 3.4, r33 = 30.8, r51 = 28 |
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